Spots:澎湖元宵節平安龜和各式祈福物登場20060210
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澎湖元宵節平安龜和各式祈福物登場
【大紀元2月10日報導】〈中央社記者許耀彬澎湖縣十日電〉澎湖縣元宵節各項祈福活動即將登場，除了膾炙人口製作素材不同的平安龜外，汽車、金飾等亦所在多有，此外信仰虔誠者還會在民俗中春節尾聲的元宵節到廟裡祈福，求乞由紙錢製作的「法船」祭祀之後予以「化吉」，意喻消災解厄，常保一年平安順遂。
澎湖縣元宵節和全國各地一樣各鄉村里均會辦理各項具有特色的慶祝活動，最常見的就是乞平安龜祈福，祈福物演變到現代，甚至有休旅車、摩托車、金錢龜、黃金龜、金飾等高價值物品不一而足，近日均紛紛登場。但仍以糯米粉製的肪片龜最為傳統，造型樸拙可愛，也是澎湖各種不同素材製作的平安龜雛形。
許姓地方民俗工作者表示，元宵節算是春節假期尾聲，過後年節氣氛逐漸轉淡。和春節白天走春不同，元宵節活動都在晚上，所以澎湖地方習俗有所謂「新正玩三天、上元玩三暝」的說法。
許姓文化工作者說，由於傳統習俗和觀念認為，「龍」、「鳳」、「龜」、「麟」均代表長壽與靈性的動物，加上澎湖縣地處海隅且四面環海，也成為孕育與流傳這項求乞平安龜習俗的最佳舞台。
許姓人士又說，乞平安龜從古代以活龜祭祀一直到清朝道光年間以後，國政逐漸因西方列強東來而衝擊變動，乃至咸豐、同治、光緒年間國政更是不振、列強入侵。因此，間接影響民生，加上人心悲憫使然或生態保護保育意識逐漸萌生，這項以活龜祭祀的習俗才逐漸改變成以糯米粉來製作所謂的「麵龜」或稱「肪片龜」供信徒乞求。
目前中國大陸因為過去許多變動例如文化大革命破「四舊」等衝擊，乞平安龜的習俗也已軼失，至於澎湖則因為孤懸台灣海峽，環境封閉，至今仍然保存這項至少一五０至二百年的傳統宗教民俗活動，並成為全澎湖在元宵節的全民活動與地方人文特色。
近代則由於民生富裕且所得提高，使得「平安龜」的製作素材種類也愈來愈多樣化，除前述麵龜、肪片龜外，尚有糯米龜、巧克力龜、麵線龜、麻糬龜、黑糖糕龜、蛋糕龜、果凍龜、米龜等，尤有甚者，金錢龜、平安米超級大米龜、黃金龜等亦所在多有，讓澎湖縣元宵節乞平安龜祈福活動更具特色。但不論何種材質的平安龜，這個「乞龜」習俗乃在於乞求平安，「壽龜」「平安龜」永遠可以滿足信徒們祈福求平安的心願。
許姓人士補充指出，其實許多信仰虔誠者，也會利用元宵節到廟裡祈福時，除了焚香膜拜外，廟方還會特別請專人以經文紙錢折製九品蓮花、法船，供信眾一起求乞並在祭祀後「化吉」，意喻厄運轉移遠離，求乞平安順遂，近年來也成為澎湖元宵節的另一應景祈福物。
澎湖元宵節求乞平安龜的宗教民俗活動，屬於全民性的活動，幾乎全縣的大小廟宇都有乞平安龜祈福活動，尤其馬公市郊山水上帝廟和鎖港北極殿各有二百餘兩的黃金龜供人求乞最受矚目，澎湖天后宮的平安米包龜今年則首度遠遊台北參加燈會，西嶼鄉外垵漁船燈火會的火樹銀花、白沙鄉通樑村五千台斤米包龜等，將讓澎湖元宵節祈福乞平安龜氣氛達到最高點。
資料來源：大紀元2月10日
